The Last Supper

Definition

The Last Supper is a famous mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci, depicting the final meal shared by Jesus and his twelve apostles before his crucifixion. This artwork is a significant representation of the emotional and theological themes of betrayal, sacrifice, and communion that were central to the Renaissance's exploration of human experience and spirituality.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Last Supper was painted between 1495 and 1498 on the wall of the refectory at the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan.
2. Leonardo used an experimental technique involving tempera on gesso, which caused the painting to deteriorate quickly, leading to numerous restorations over the centuries.
3. The composition captures the moment right after Jesus announces that one of his disciples will betray him, showcasing a range of emotional reactions from the apostles.
4. This artwork highlights the use of linear perspective, with lines converging at a vanishing point behind Jesus' head, emphasizing his central role in the narrative.
5. The Last Supper has had a lasting impact on art and culture, influencing countless interpretations in various media and being referenced in literature, music, and film.

Review Questions

• How does The Last Supper reflect the ideals of Renaissance humanism through its portrayal of human emotions?
  • The Last Supper embodies Renaissance humanism by showcasing the complex emotions of Jesus and his apostles during this pivotal moment. Leonardo da Vinci captures the shock, betrayal, and anguish felt by the disciples, emphasizing their humanity. This focus on individual emotional experience aligns with the humanist belief in valuing human life and emotion, marking a shift away from purely religious iconography towards a more relatable depiction of biblical events.
• Evaluate how Leonardo's use of perspective in The Last Supper enhances the viewer's understanding of the composition and its themes.
  • Leonardo’s use of linear perspective in The Last Supper is masterful, drawing viewers' eyes toward the central figure of Jesus. The converging lines create a sense of depth that not only makes the scene more dynamic but also symbolizes Jesus as the focal point of both physical and spiritual significance. This technique reinforces themes of divinity amidst chaos, effectively guiding interpretation while heightening emotional engagement with the work.
• Assess the cultural and historical significance of The Last Supper in the context of the Renaissance and its ongoing influence in modern interpretations.
  • The Last Supper holds immense cultural significance as it marks a pivotal moment in Renaissance art, reflecting shifts in religious thought and artistic technique. Its blend of dramatic storytelling with innovative composition set new standards for future artworks. Even today, it influences modern interpretations across various media, serving as a symbol of artistic mastery and theological inquiry. The continued relevance of this piece demonstrates how Renaissance ideals persistently resonate within contemporary culture.

Related terms

Renaissance Humanism:

An intellectual movement that emphasized the study of classical texts and the potential for human achievement, focusing on individualism and secular themes.

Perspective:

A technique used in art to create the illusion of depth and space, allowing artists to represent three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional surface.

Mural: A large-scale painting or artwork applied directly to a wall or ceiling, often created as part of a decorative scheme in public or private buildings.