Marxist theories are a set of socio-political and economic ideas developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, focusing on the critique of capitalism and advocating for a classless society through revolutionary means. These theories emphasize the struggle between social classes, primarily the bourgeoisie (owners of production) and the proletariat (working class), arguing that capitalism inevitably leads to class conflict and exploitation. The concepts laid out in these theories have significant implications for understanding political structures and movements throughout history, particularly during periods of change and decolonization.