Cecil Rhodes' 'Confession of Faith' point-of-view

Definition

Cecil Rhodes' 'Confession of Faith' is a document written in 1877 that outlines his beliefs about imperialism, race, and British expansionism. In this piece, Rhodes expresses his conviction that it is the duty of the Anglo-Saxon race to spread civilization and empire, reflecting the broader ideology of British imperialism during the late 19th century.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cecil Rhodes believed in the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race and argued that their expansion was a moral imperative to spread civilization.
2. The 'Confession of Faith' reveals Rhodes' views on the importance of a British-controlled Africa as a means to ensure economic prosperity and strategic advantage.
3. Rhodes played a significant role in expanding British territories in southern Africa, notably through the founding of the De Beers diamond company and his involvement in the Cape to Cairo Railway project.
4. His vision for imperialism included not just territorial expansion but also the establishment of a British cultural and political hegemony over colonized regions.
5. Rhodes' ideas contributed to shaping British imperial policy and sparked debates about race, morality, and governance that resonate in discussions about colonialism today.

Review Questions

• How does Cecil Rhodes' 'Confession of Faith' illustrate the mindset of British imperialists during the late 19th century?
  • Cecil Rhodes' 'Confession of Faith' captures the essence of the British imperialist mindset by emphasizing a perceived moral duty to civilize other nations. Rhodes’ belief in racial superiority and his advocacy for aggressive expansion reflect a widespread sentiment among imperialists who viewed colonization as both a privilege and responsibility. This mindset justified many of the harsh policies enacted during this era, as they were framed as necessary for the advancement of 'lesser' cultures.
• In what ways did Rhodes' beliefs impact British policies towards Africa during the late 19th century?
  • Rhodes’ beliefs significantly influenced British policies toward Africa by promoting aggressive territorial expansion and economic exploitation. His vision led to increased investment in infrastructure projects like the Cape to Cairo Railway, aimed at connecting British territories across the continent. Additionally, his ideas contributed to legitimizing colonial rule, often disregarding indigenous cultures and rights, which aligned with broader imperialist objectives at that time.
• Evaluate the long-term consequences of Rhodes’ 'Confession of Faith' on contemporary views regarding colonialism and race.
  • The long-term consequences of Rhodes’ 'Confession of Faith' continue to be relevant in contemporary discussions about colonialism and race. His ideas reinforced notions of racial superiority that justified imperialism, leading to systemic inequalities that persist today. As countries grapple with their colonial pasts, Rhodes’ views exemplify the ideological foundations that fueled exploitation and conflict. Understanding these consequences allows for a critical examination of how such ideologies shape modern societal structures and race relations.

Related terms

Imperialism:

A policy or ideology where a country extends its power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means over other nations or territories.

Social Darwinism:

The application of Charles Darwin's theories of natural selection and survival of the fittest to human societies, often used to justify imperialist policies and racial superiority.

Scramble for Africa:

The rapid invasion, colonization, and division of African territory by European powers during the late 19th century, often driven by economic interests and imperialist ideologies.