Single-Peak Associations (SPAs) are interest groups that have close ties with a particular political party or ideology. They align themselves closely with one dominant party or movement rather than being independent entities.
Imagine a fan club that is dedicated to supporting and promoting a specific artist. They are loyal to that artist and work closely with them, just like SPAs align themselves with a particular political party.
Partisan Alignment: This refers to the close association between SPAs and a specific political party.
Patronage: The practice of providing benefits or favors by the dominant party to its aligned SPAs in return for their support.
Ideological Consistency: The adherence of SPAs to the core beliefs and values of the political party they are associated with.
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