Balance of Payments: A record of all economic transactions between a country's residents and those of other nations over a given period. It includes trade in goods/services, capital flows (investments), remittances from abroad, etc.
Financial Assistance: Refers to loans or aid provided by organizations like the IMF during times of economic crisis or when countries face difficulties meeting their foreign debt obligations.
Policy Advice: Recommendations and guidance provided by experts or organizations to governments on various issues, including economic policies, fiscal management, exchange rates, etc.