An acid is a substance that donates protons (hydrogen ions) when dissolved in water, resulting in an acidic pH.
A base is a substance that accepts protons when dissolved in water, resulting in an alkaline or basic pH.
This is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base which results in the formation of water and a salt.
pH Scale: This scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is, with values below 7 indicating acidity and above 7 indicating basicity.