Hemoglobin:This is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
Anemia: A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness. In sickle cell disorder, anemia occurs because sickle-shaped red blood cells die off faster than new ones can be produced.
Genetic Mutation: A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene. Sickle cell disorder is caused by a mutation in one of the genes that instructs your body how to make hemoglobin.