A modified guanine nucleotide added to the 5' end of pre-mRNAs during transcription. This cap protects mRNA from degradation and assists in ribosome binding during translation.
One of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA. It pairs with cytosine.
A cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis. It reads the sequence of mRNA and translates it into proteins.
The process by which ribosomes use mRNA sequences to assemble amino acids into proteins.