Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Verified for the 2026 exam
Verified for the 2026 exam•Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Olmec culture refers to the ancient civilization that thrived in Mesoamerica from approximately 1200 BCE to 400 BCE. They are known for their monumental stone sculptures, complex social structure, and influence on later civilizations.
Related terms
San Lorenzo Colossal Heads: These are massive stone heads carved by the Olmecs, depicting powerful individuals. They showcase the advanced sculptural skills of the Olmec civilization.
Jaguar Spirituality: The Olmecs revered jaguars as sacred animals and incorporated them into their religious beliefs and rituals.
La Venta Complex: This was an important ceremonial center of the Olmec civilization, featuring large pyramids, plazas, and other architectural structures.