Viking Age

Definition

The Viking Age refers to the period from roughly 793 to 1066 AD, characterized by the seafaring Norse people, known as Vikings, who explored, raided, and traded across Europe, Asia, and the North Atlantic. This era is marked by significant cultural exchange and has greatly influenced Norse history and mythology through the stories and legends that arose from Viking voyages and settlements.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Viking Age began with the raid on the Lindisfarne monastery in 793 AD, marking a significant turning point in European history.
2. Vikings were not only raiders but also traders and explorers, establishing trade routes that connected them to various cultures across Europe and beyond.
3. They settled in regions such as Greenland and Newfoundland, showcasing their navigational skills and desire for new lands.
4. The influence of Viking culture is evident in many aspects of modern society, including language, place names, and mythology.
5. The end of the Viking Age is often associated with the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066, where King Harold II defeated the Norwegian King Harald Hardrada.

Review Questions

• How did the Viking Age contribute to the development of Norse mythology?
  • The Viking Age significantly shaped Norse mythology through the stories told by seafaring Vikings about their adventures. These tales often featured gods like Odin and Thor, reflecting the values and beliefs of Viking society. As Vikings traveled to different cultures, they brought back various influences that enriched their mythological traditions, creating a rich tapestry of legends that continue to impact modern understanding of Norse mythology.
• Discuss the role of Viking longships in expanding their influence during the Viking Age.
  • Viking longships played a crucial role in expanding Norse influence during the Viking Age by enabling efficient travel across oceans and rivers. Their unique design allowed for swift movement in both deep waters and shallow river systems, facilitating raids on coastal settlements as well as trade expeditions. This maritime technology not only supported their reputation as formidable raiders but also helped establish trade routes that connected them with various cultures across Europe.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of the Viking Age on modern European culture and society.
  • The Viking Age left a profound legacy on modern European culture, evident in language, folklore, legal systems, and even place names. Many English words have roots in Old Norse due to Viking settlements in Britain. Additionally, local traditions and stories influenced by Viking tales have persisted through generations. The impact of Viking explorations can also be seen in how they encouraged a spirit of adventure and discovery that contributed to later explorations during the Age of Discovery.

Related terms

Norse Mythology: A collection of myths of the Scandinavian gods and heroes, which are deeply intertwined with Viking culture and reflect their beliefs and values.

Longship: A type of ship developed by the Vikings that was fast, flexible, and capable of both deep-sea travel and navigating shallow rivers, facilitating their exploration and raids.

Danelaw: A historical term for the part of England under the control of the Danish Vikings during the late 9th and early 10th centuries, illustrating Viking influence in Britain.