Romulus and Remus

Definition

Romulus and Remus are the legendary twin brothers credited with the founding of Rome, according to Roman mythology. Their story embodies themes of survival, rivalry, and divine influence, highlighting the cultural significance of myth in shaping Roman identity and religious beliefs. Their tale connects deeply with the values of bravery and leadership that were celebrated in ancient Rome.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Romulus is said to have killed Remus during a dispute over the founding of their city, establishing Romulus as the first king of Rome.
2. The twins were born to Rhea Silvia, a vestal virgin, and Mars, the god of war, signifying their divine heritage.
3. Their story includes the significant event of being suckled by a she-wolf, which became a symbol of Rome's strength and resilience.
4. The founding of Rome is traditionally dated to April 21, 753 BCE, marked by Romulus's establishment of the city walls.
5. Romulus instituted many of the religious practices and social structures that would define early Roman civilization.

Review Questions

• How do the stories of Romulus and Remus reflect the values and beliefs present in early Roman society?
  • The tales of Romulus and Remus embody essential values like bravery, leadership, and divine destiny that were foundational to early Roman identity. Their narrative illustrates how conflict can lead to the establishment of order and community, as seen in Romulus’s rise to power after defeating Remus. Additionally, the presence of gods like Mars reinforces the idea that Roman endeavors were divinely sanctioned, promoting a sense of purpose among its citizens.
• Discuss the significance of Romulus’s actions following his brother Remus’s death in shaping Rome's narrative.
  • Romulus's decision to kill Remus marked a critical turning point that solidified his authority as Rome's first king. This act reflects themes of rivalry and sacrifice prevalent in Roman culture. By establishing the city walls and creating laws after this pivotal moment, Romulus set the foundations for Rome's political structure and social order. His actions underscore how personal conflicts often intertwined with broader narratives about governance and societal norms in ancient Rome.
• Evaluate how the myth of Romulus and Remus influenced later Roman culture, politics, and identity over centuries.
  • The myth of Romulus and Remus has had a lasting impact on Roman culture, politics, and identity by providing a foundational story that justified Rome's expansion and authority. This narrative was leveraged by later leaders to legitimize their rule by tracing their lineage back to divine origins through Aeneas to Romulus. Additionally, elements like the she-wolf became potent symbols in art and literature, reinforcing themes of resilience that resonated through centuries. As Rome evolved into an empire, this myth helped unify diverse peoples under a common identity tied to shared history and values.

Related terms

Aeneas: A Trojan hero who is said to have played a crucial role in the founding myths of Rome, as he is believed to be an ancestor of Romulus and Remus.

Lupa: The she-wolf that, according to legend, nursed Romulus and Remus after they were abandoned, symbolizing protection and nurturing in their early lives.

Sabines: An ancient Italic tribe whose women were famously abducted by Romulus's followers during the early years of Rome's establishment, highlighting themes of conflict and alliance.