Selinus

Definition

Selinus was an ancient Greek city located on the southern coast of Sicily, founded in the 7th century BCE. Known for its strategic position and fertile land, it became a significant player in the trade and politics of the Mediterranean, particularly during the time of the Sicilian Expedition. Its temples and ruins are testament to the wealth and cultural influence that Selinus held in antiquity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Selinus was founded around 628 BCE by colonists from Megara and grew rapidly due to its strategic location along trade routes.
2. The city is famous for its well-preserved temples, such as the Temple of Apollo, which reflect its prosperity and cultural significance during its peak.
3. During the Sicilian Expedition, Selinus formed alliances with other cities against Athens, showcasing its importance in regional politics.
4. The city faced destruction in the 5th century BCE due to conflicts with neighboring cities, particularly with Carthage, leading to a decline in its power.
5. Archaeological excavations at Selinus have uncovered valuable artifacts that provide insight into the city's economy, religion, and daily life in ancient times.

Review Questions

• How did Selinus' strategic location contribute to its role in trade and politics during ancient times?
  • Selinus' location on the southern coast of Sicily allowed it to control crucial trade routes across the Mediterranean. This strategic position enabled it to engage in commerce with other city-states and cultures, leading to significant economic growth. The wealth generated from trade also allowed Selinus to become politically influential, especially during critical events like the Sicilian Expedition when alliances were crucial.
• Discuss the relationship between Selinus and Syracuse during the Sicilian Expedition and how it affected their fates.
  • During the Sicilian Expedition, Selinus allied with Syracuse against Athenian forces. This alliance was vital as both cities sought to maintain their independence and resist Athenian expansion. However, despite their efforts, both cities ultimately faced devastation; Syracuse managed to withstand Athenian sieges while Selinus experienced destruction from external conflicts. This relationship highlights the complex dynamics of power during this tumultuous period.
• Evaluate the impact of Selinus on the broader context of Sicilian politics and culture during the ancient period.
  • Selinus played a significant role in shaping Sicilian politics and culture by serving as a center for trade and cultural exchange among various Mediterranean civilizations. Its alliances and conflicts influenced regional power dynamics, particularly during events like the Sicilian Expedition. The architectural achievements of Selinus, such as its temples, also contributed to Sicily's rich cultural heritage, making it a focal point for studies on ancient Greek civilization in Italy.

Related terms

Sicilian Expedition: A military campaign undertaken by Athens during the Peloponnesian War (415-413 BCE) aimed at conquering Sicily, particularly targeting Syracuse, to expand Athenian power.

Syracuse: A powerful city-state in Sicily that was a major player during the Sicilian Expedition, known for its strong military and resistance against Athenian forces.

Phoenician Colonization: The establishment of colonies by Phoenicians in Sicily, including Selinus, which influenced local economies, trade networks, and cultural exchanges.