The Pineal Gland

Definition

The pineal gland is a small, pea-sized endocrine gland in the brain that produces and regulates some hormones, including melatonin, which is primarily involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles. It is located near the center of the brain and is shaped like a pine cone, which contributes to its name.

Related terms

Melatonin: A hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep patterns.

Circadian Rhythms: Biological processes that display an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours, influenced by the natural light-dark cycle.

Endocrine System: A network of glands throughout the body that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions