Hypoglossal nerve

Definition

The hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve responsible for controlling the movements of most of the muscles in the tongue. It plays a crucial role in speech, swallowing, and ensuring proper mouth and tongue positioning.

Related terms

Cranial nerves: Twelve pairs of nerves that originate in the brain and serve various functions including sensory and motor activities in the head and neck.

Motor neurons: Nerve cells that transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles or glands to elicit action.

Dysphagia:

A condition characterized by difficulty swallowing, which can be caused by issues with nerves such as the hypoglossal nerve