G protein–coupled receptor

Definition

G protein-coupled receptors are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a key role in transmitting signals from outside the cell to the inside, affecting cellular responses. They are involved in various physiological processes, including those in the autonomic nervous system where they mediate responses to neurotransmitters.

Related terms

Autonomic Nervous System: The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.

Neurotransmitter: Chemical substances that transmit nerve impulses across a synapse from one neuron to another or to muscle tissue or gland cells.

Signal Transduction: The process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly involving changes in protein conformation and activity