A conjugacy class is a set of elements in a group that are related to each other through conjugation. In simple terms, if you have an element 'g' in a group and another element 'h', they are said to be conjugate if there exists an element 'x' in the group such that 'h = xgx^{-1}'. This concept is essential for understanding the structure of groups, especially when applying Burnside's lemma for counting distinct objects under group actions.
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