Trenton

Definition

Trenton refers to the pivotal Battle of Trenton that took place on December 26, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War. This battle was significant for the morale of the Continental Army and represented a key victory against the Hessian forces hired by the British. The successful surprise attack at Trenton was a turning point that invigorated the revolutionary cause and helped to maintain support for the Continental Army amidst growing hardships.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Battle of Trenton was fought after George Washington's famous crossing of the Delaware River on Christmas night in 1776.
2. The Continental Army launched a surprise attack on the Hessian garrison stationed in Trenton, resulting in a decisive victory with minimal American casualties.
3. This battle occurred during a low point for the Continental Army, following defeats in New York and New Jersey, making its success critical for boosting morale.
4. Washington's strategic planning and leadership were key factors that contributed to the success of the assault on Trenton.
5. The victory at Trenton led to increased enlistments in the Continental Army and renewed support for the revolutionary cause among civilians.

Review Questions

• How did the surprise attack on Trenton affect morale within the Continental Army?
  • The surprise attack on Trenton significantly boosted morale within the Continental Army, which had been facing despair after a series of defeats. The victory proved that they could win against professional soldiers like the Hessians, which reinvigorated hope and determination among soldiers and supporters. This newfound confidence helped encourage more men to enlist and fight for independence, strengthening their resolve in subsequent battles.
• Evaluate the strategic importance of Washington's decision to attack Trenton after crossing the Delaware River.
  • Washington's decision to attack Trenton after crossing the Delaware River was strategically vital as it took advantage of a moment when enemy forces were vulnerable and least expecting an assault. The timing, right after Christmas when many Hessians were celebrating, played a crucial role in ensuring surprise and success. This tactical move not only resulted in a crucial victory but also shifted public perception of the Continental Army as a viable fighting force against British troops.
• Analyze how the outcome of the Battle of Trenton influenced subsequent military engagements in the American Revolutionary War.
  • The outcome of the Battle of Trenton had profound implications for subsequent military engagements in the American Revolutionary War. It marked a turning point that reinvigorated both soldiers and civilian support for independence, leading to increased enlistments in the Continental Army. Following this victory, Washington capitalized on momentum by pursuing further engagements, including victories at Princeton. This demonstrated a shift in morale and strategy that would help sustain efforts against British forces throughout the war.

Related terms

George Washington: The commander-in-chief of the Continental Army who led the American forces during the Revolutionary War, including the crucial attack on Trenton.

Hessians: German troops hired by the British to help fight against the American revolutionaries, notably defeated at Trenton.

Continental Army: The unified military force of the thirteen American colonies formed during the Revolutionary War, tasked with fighting British forces.