American Constitution

Definition

The American Constitution is the supreme law of the United States, established in 1787, which outlines the framework of government and the rights of citizens. It created a system of checks and balances among the three branches of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—and has been a model for other nations. Its principles of democracy and individual rights significantly influenced political thought globally, particularly in contexts like revolutionary France.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The American Constitution was signed on September 17, 1787, at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, establishing a new framework for governance after the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
2. It was ratified by nine states by June 1788, officially going into effect in March 1789, which marked the beginning of the United States federal government.
3. The Constitution has been amended 27 times, with the first ten amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, adopted in 1791 to ensure fundamental rights and liberties.
4. The concept of checks and balances within the Constitution prevents any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, promoting accountability and stability.
5. Influenced by Enlightenment ideas, the American Constitution inspired revolutionary movements worldwide, notably impacting France during its own revolution in the late 18th century.

Review Questions

• How did the American Constitution influence the structure of government in France during its revolution?
  • The American Constitution provided a framework that emphasized democracy, separation of powers, and individual rights. These principles inspired French revolutionaries to establish their own constitution and seek to create a republic based on similar ideals. The success of the American model showed that it was possible to overthrow a monarchy and establish a government that reflected the will of the people, encouraging French citizens to pursue their revolutionary goals.
• Discuss how the Bill of Rights contributed to the acceptance and ratification of the American Constitution.
  • The inclusion of the Bill of Rights was crucial in addressing concerns from anti-Federalists who feared that a strong central government could infringe upon individual liberties. By guaranteeing specific freedoms such as speech, assembly, and religion, the Bill of Rights helped ensure that citizens' rights were protected. This compromise was key to securing enough support for ratification among skeptics who worried about potential government overreach.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of the American Constitution on global democratic movements in the 18th and 19th centuries.
  • The American Constitution set a precedent for democratic governance that resonated with revolutionary movements around the world. Its emphasis on rights such as freedom and equality inspired various uprisings against oppressive regimes in Europe and Latin America. The principles outlined in this document not only shaped national identities but also laid foundational ideas for international human rights discussions. Consequently, its influence extended beyond borders, fostering aspirations for democracy and reform globally during this transformative era.

Related terms

Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the American Constitution that guarantee individual liberties and protect citizens from government overreach.

Federalism:

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, like states.

Separation of Powers:

The division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.