Satire

Definition

Satire is a literary technique that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize and expose the flaws or absurdities of individuals, society, or institutions. It often seeks to provoke thought or instigate change by highlighting hypocrisy and foolishness in a way that entertains while informing the audience.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Satire often targets political figures, societal norms, and cultural practices, making it a powerful tool for social commentary.
2. In literature, satire can take many forms, including essays, plays, and novels, with prominent examples found in works like 'The Contrast' and Benjamin Franklin's writings.
3. The effectiveness of satire relies on the audience's ability to recognize the underlying message or criticism being presented humorously.
4. Satirical works often blend humor with serious commentary, encouraging readers to reflect on the issues being addressed while being entertained.
5. Historical context can greatly influence the themes and targets of satire, as societal issues change over time.

Review Questions

• How does Royall Tyler use satire in 'The Contrast' to address societal norms and values?
  • 'The Contrast' employs satire to critique the differences between American and European cultures by using humor to highlight the absurdities of aristocratic pretensions. Tyler creates exaggerated characters that embody these traits, showcasing their flaws through wit. This not only entertains but also encourages audiences to appreciate American ideals of simplicity and authenticity over European elitism.
• In what ways do Benjamin Franklin's essays utilize satire to convey moral lessons or critiques of society?
  • Benjamin Franklin's essays often employ satire by using humor and irony to critique societal norms and human behavior. For example, he cleverly exaggerates personal anecdotes or societal trends to reveal the foolishness behind certain customs or beliefs. This method engages readers while prompting them to reflect on their own behaviors and the absurdities present in society.
• Analyze how the development of American humor during this period reflects the use of satire as a response to social and political issues.
  • The development of American humor during this time reflects a growing tendency to use satire as a means of addressing social and political issues. As writers began to explore themes related to identity, governance, and morality, satire emerged as an effective tool for critiquing authority and challenging societal norms. This evolution not only highlights the distinct voice of American literature but also serves as a reflection of the dynamic cultural landscape of early America.

Related terms

Irony: A figure of speech where the intended meaning is different from the actual meaning, often used in satire to create contrast between reality and expectations.

Parody:

A humorous imitation of a particular genre or work, often exaggerating its characteristics to mock or comment on the original.

Allegory:

A narrative in which characters and events symbolize deeper meanings and moral lessons, often used in satire to critique social issues.