ICOM Code of Ethics

Definition

The ICOM Code of Ethics is a set of guidelines established by the International Council of Museums to promote best practices in museum operations, including the care, management, and acquisition of cultural artifacts. It emphasizes the responsibility of museums to respect cultural heritage and ensure that collections are preserved and shared ethically, especially in contexts involving indigenous and marginalized communities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ICOM Code of Ethics was first adopted in 1986 and has undergone several revisions to address emerging issues in museum practices and cultural sensitivities.
2. One key principle of the Code is that museums should prioritize the preservation of cultural heritage over commercial interests or personal gain.
3. The Code advocates for transparency in the acquisition process, encouraging museums to document provenance thoroughly to avoid unethical acquisitions.
4. It emphasizes the importance of engaging with local communities when displaying their cultural artifacts, ensuring representation and respect for cultural significance.
5. The ICOM Code also addresses issues related to repatriation, encouraging museums to consider returning artifacts taken during colonial times to their rightful owners.

Review Questions

• How does the ICOM Code of Ethics influence museum practices related to the acquisition and display of African art?
  • The ICOM Code of Ethics plays a significant role in shaping museum practices by emphasizing the need for ethical acquisitions and responsible display of African art. It encourages museums to conduct thorough provenance research to ensure that artworks were obtained legally and ethically. This includes engaging with local communities and acknowledging their cultural significance, thereby fostering respect for African heritage and promoting a more inclusive representation in museum exhibitions.
• Discuss how the principles outlined in the ICOM Code of Ethics apply to issues of restitution in relation to African art collections held by European and North American museums.
  • The principles outlined in the ICOM Code of Ethics are crucial when discussing restitution as they advocate for transparency, accountability, and respect for cultural heritage. Museums are encouraged to assess their collections critically, particularly those acquired during colonial times. The Code supports the idea that institutions should engage in dialogue with source communities regarding the return of artifacts, fostering an environment where ethical considerations guide decisions about ownership and display.
• Evaluate the impact of the ICOM Code of Ethics on contemporary debates surrounding cultural appropriation and representation in museums showcasing African art.
  • The ICOM Code of Ethics significantly impacts contemporary debates surrounding cultural appropriation by providing a framework for ethical engagement with cultural artifacts. It calls for museums to be mindful of representation and to involve source communities in discussions about their heritage. By adhering to these guidelines, museums can combat appropriation by ensuring that African art is presented authentically and respectfully, promoting dialogue rather than exploitation. This fosters a deeper understanding between cultures while supporting the rights and narratives of African communities.

Related terms

Cultural Heritage: The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society inherited from past generations, including art, traditions, and historical sites.

Provenance: The history of ownership of a particular object, which is crucial for establishing its authenticity and legality in the context of cultural heritage.

Restitution: The act of returning cultural property to its country or community of origin, often discussed in the context of colonial looting and ethical museum practices.