Harriet Tubman

Definition

Harriet Tubman was an African American abolitionist and political activist who escaped slavery and became a leading figure in the Underground Railroad. Her tireless efforts to help enslaved individuals reach freedom were pivotal during the 19th century, as she risked her life multiple times to guide others to safety, showcasing the resilience and courage of those fighting against the brutal institution of slavery in America.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Harriet Tubman was born into slavery in Maryland around 1822 and escaped to freedom in 1849, making her first journey on the Underground Railroad.
2. Tubman is estimated to have helped over 300 enslaved people escape to freedom through the Underground Railroad, earning her the nickname 'Moses'.
3. She was a fierce advocate for women's suffrage after the Civil War, believing that freedom was incomplete without the right to vote.
4. During the Civil War, Tubman worked as a nurse, cook, and spy for the Union Army, helping to gather intelligence and lead a raid that freed over 700 enslaved people.
5. Her legacy is celebrated through various memorials, including the Harriet Tubman National Historical Park in New York and plans for her image to appear on U.S. currency.

Review Questions

• How did Harriet Tubman's actions on the Underground Railroad demonstrate her impact on the fight against slavery?
  • Harriet Tubman's actions on the Underground Railroad showcased her immense bravery and commitment to freedom as she risked her life repeatedly to lead others to safety. By successfully guiding over 300 enslaved individuals to freedom, she not only provided them with hope but also inspired countless others to join the abolitionist movement. Her work directly challenged the institution of slavery, making her a significant figure in American history.
• In what ways did Tubman's contributions during the Civil War reflect her ongoing commitment to fighting for freedom and equality?
  • During the Civil War, Harriet Tubman's contributions as a nurse, cook, and spy highlighted her relentless commitment to fighting for freedom and equality beyond just escaping slavery. She played a vital role in gathering intelligence for the Union Army and leading military operations that freed enslaved individuals. This involvement underscored her belief that true freedom included not just escaping bondage but also actively participating in shaping a just society.
• Evaluate how Harriet Tubman's legacy influences contemporary discussions about race, civil rights, and women's empowerment.
  • Harriet Tubman's legacy continues to influence contemporary discussions about race, civil rights, and women's empowerment by serving as a powerful symbol of resistance against oppression. Her life exemplifies courage in the face of systemic injustice and inspires modern movements advocating for racial equality and women's rights. As society reflects on her contributions, it underscores the importance of remembering historical figures who fought tirelessly for justice and equality, motivating current generations to continue the work she began.

Related terms

Underground Railroad:

A network of secret routes and safe houses that were used by enslaved African Americans to escape into free states and Canada, facilitated by abolitionists like Tubman.

Abolitionism: The movement aimed at ending slavery and the slave trade, gaining momentum in the early to mid-19th century, with figures like Tubman playing a crucial role.

Civil War:

The conflict from 1861 to 1865 between Northern states (Union) and Southern states (Confederacy) primarily over issues including slavery, where Tubman also served as a spy and nurse.