Oroonoko

Definition

Oroonoko is a novella written by Aphra Behn, published in 1688, that tells the story of an African prince who is enslaved and brought to the Americas. This work is significant as it explores themes of race, colonialism, and the complexity of human emotions, while also presenting one of the earliest representations of an African character in English literature. Behn's portrayal of Oroonoko's noble nature challenges contemporary views on race and morality, contributing to the rise of the woman novelist during a time when female authorship was emerging.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Oroonoko is often considered one of the first anti-slavery texts in English literature, as it criticizes the brutal realities of slavery while portraying Oroonoko as a noble and tragic figure.
2. The novella is set in Surinam and blends fictional narrative with elements of travel writing, reflecting Behn's own experiences in the colonies.
3. Behn uses Oroonoko's story to challenge European notions of civilization, suggesting that moral integrity exists beyond cultural boundaries.
4. The character of Oroonoko is marked by his dignity and heroism, contrasting sharply with the dehumanizing conditions imposed by slavery.
5. Oroonoko's legacy has influenced discussions on race, identity, and representation in literature, particularly regarding how women writers address these themes.

Review Questions

• How does Behn's portrayal of Oroonoko challenge contemporary views on race and morality during her time?
  • Behn's portrayal of Oroonoko as a noble African prince contradicts the prevailing stereotypes of Africans as inferior beings. By depicting him as dignified, intelligent, and capable of love, she humanizes him in a way that challenges the moral justification for slavery. This nuanced representation invites readers to reconsider their beliefs about race and virtue, ultimately positioning Oroonoko not just as a victim but as a complex character deserving of empathy and respect.
• In what ways does 'Oroonoko' contribute to the rise of female authorship in literature during the 18th century?
  • 'Oroonoko' contributes to the rise of female authorship by showcasing Aphra Behn as one of the first women to gain recognition as a professional writer. The novella breaks ground by allowing a female voice to engage with serious themes such as colonialism and morality. Behn's success not only paved the way for future women novelists but also challenged societal norms regarding women's roles in literature, establishing that women could contribute meaningfully to intellectual discussions.
• Evaluate how 'Oroonoko' reflects broader societal attitudes towards colonialism and race at the time it was written.
  • 'Oroonoko' reflects broader societal attitudes by both critiquing and engaging with colonialism. While Behn presents a romanticized view of Oroonoko's nobility, she simultaneously exposes the brutal realities faced by enslaved people. The novella illustrates a tension between admiration for noble savagery and a critical perspective on colonial exploitation. This duality encourages readers to confront uncomfortable truths about race and humanity during a time when colonial expansion was seen as an inevitability rather than a moral dilemma.

Related terms

Aphra Behn: Aphra Behn was a pioneering English playwright, poet, and novelist, considered one of the first professional female writers in the English language.

The Royal Slave: A term often associated with Oroonoko that highlights the paradox of being both royal and enslaved, illustrating the complexities of identity and power.

Colonialism: Colonialism refers to the practice of acquiring full or partial control over another country or territory, often involving the subjugation and exploitation of its people and resources.