upgrade

AP US History AMSCO Guided Notes

3.10: Shaping a New Republic

AP US History
AMSCO Guided Notes
3.1 Contextualizing Period 3
3.2 The Seven Years' War
3.3 Taxation Without Representation
3.4 Philosophical Foundations of the American Revolution
3.5 The American Revolution
3.6 The Influence of Revolutionary Ideals
3.7 The Articles of Confederation
3.8 The Constitutional Convention and Debates Over Ratification
3.9 The Constitution
3.10 Shaping a New Republic
3.11 Developing an American Identity
3.12 Movement in the Early Republic
3.13 Continuity and Change in Period 3

AP US History Guided Notes

AMSCO 3.10 - Shaping a New Republic

Learning Objectives

  1. Explain how and why competition intensified conflict among peoples and nations from 1754 to 1800.
  2. Explain how and why political ideas, institutions, and party systems developed and changed in the new republic.
I. Washington's Presidency

A. Organizing the Federal Government

1. What were the four executive departments Washington created and who headed each one?

2. What was the purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789 and what federal courts did it establish?

B. Hamilton's Financial Program

1. What were the three main components of Alexander Hamilton's financial plan?

2. Who supported Hamilton's financial program and who opposed it, and why?

3. What compromise did Hamilton and Jefferson reach regarding the national debt and the nation's capital?

C. National Bank

1. What was Jefferson's constitutional objection to creating a national bank and how did Hamilton respond?

2. What was the structure and purpose of the Bank of the United States?

D. Foreign Affairs Under Washington

1. Why did the outbreak of the French Revolution create a dilemma for the United States?

E. French Revolution

1. What were the conflicting American attitudes toward the French Revolution and its consequences?

2. Why did Washington issue the Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793 and what was Jefferson's response?

3. How did 'Citizen' Genêt's conduct violate diplomatic norms and what was the outcome?

F. The Jay Treaty (1794) with Great Britain

1. What issues did the Jay Treaty address and what were its main provisions?

2. Why was the Jay Treaty unpopular and how did it affect Washington's neutrality policy?

G. The Pinckney Treaty (1795) with Spain

1. What prompted Spain to negotiate the Pinckney Treaty and what were its key provisions?

H. Domestic Concerns Under Washington

1. American Indians

1. Why did American Indian tribes form the Northwest Confederacy and what was their initial success?

2. What was the significance of the Battle of Fallen Timbers and the Treaty of Greenville?

2. The Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

1. Why did western Pennsylvania farmers rebel against the federal whiskey tax?

2. How did Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion and what were the different reactions to his action?

3. Western Lands

1. How did the Public Land Act of 1796 encourage settlement of western territories?

2. What pattern did the admission of Vermont, Kentucky, and Tennessee reveal about American expansion?

II. The First Political Parties

A. Origins

1. How did the Federalist and Anti-Federalist debates of 1787-1788 differ from earlier factional disputes?

2. What role did Hamilton and Jefferson play in the formation of the first national political parties?

3. How did the French Revolution contribute to the solidification of national political parties?

B. Differences Between the Parties

1. What were the key differences between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans regarding constitutional interpretation and federal power?

2. How did the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties differ in their foreign policy, military policy, and economic policy?

3. What geographic regions and social groups supported each party?

C. Washington's Farewell Address

1. What four warnings did Washington issue in his Farewell Address?

2. Which of Washington's warnings proved most influential and which did he prove wrong about?

3. What long-term consequence resulted from Washington's decision to leave office after two terms?

III. John Adams' Presidency

A. The XYZ Affair

1. What provoked the XYZ Affair and what did the French ministers demand?

2. How did Adams respond to public pressure for war with France and why?

B. The Alien and Sedition Acts

1. What were the Naturalization Act, Alien Acts, and Sedition Act, and why did Federalists pass them?

2. How did the Sedition Act restrict freedom of speech and what was its political purpose?

C. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

1. What constitutional argument did Jefferson and Madison make in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions?

2. What was the concept of nullification and how did these resolutions establish it?

3. How were the Alien and Sedition Acts ultimately resolved?

Key Terms

national bank

executive departments

Henry Knox

Edmund Randolph

cabinet

Supreme Court

federal courts

Judiciary Act (1789)

national debt

Federalist era

Federalist Party

Democratic-Republican Party

political parties

two-term tradition

John Adams

Washington's Farewell Address

permanent alliances

Alien and Sedition Acts

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Treaty of Greenville

Public Land Act (1796)

French Revolution

Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)

"Citizen" Genêt

Jay Treaty (1794)

Pinckney Treaty (1795)

right of deposit

XYZ Affair