Translational

Definition

Translational refers to the process by which messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded by ribosomes to produce a specific protein. This step follows transcription and is a crucial part of gene expression.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm where ribosomes are located.
2. The mRNA sequence is read in sets of three nucleotides, known as codons.
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
4. The start codon for translation is typically AUG, which codes for methionine.
5. Translation ends when a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) is reached, releasing the newly synthesized protein.

Related terms

Transcription: The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Ribosome: A molecular machine that facilitates the decoding of mRNA into a protein.

Codon: A set of three nucleotides on an mRNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid.