Homologous recombination

Definition

Homologous recombination is a process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis. This results in genetic variation by producing new combinations of alleles.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Occurs during the prophase I stage of meiosis.
2. Involves the alignment and pairing of homologous chromosomes.
3. Mediated by proteins such as RecA in bacteria and Rad51 in eukaryotes.
4. Essential for accurate chromosome segregation and repair of DNA double-strand breaks.
5. Contributes to genetic diversity within a population.

Related terms

Crossing Over: The physical exchange of chromosome segments between nonsister chromatids during meiosis I.

Meiosis: A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half, resulting in four haploid cells.

Genetic Linkage: The tendency of genes located close to each other on a chromosome to be inherited together.