Postconditions:Postconditions are conditions that must hold true after an action or function has been executed. They define what should be expected as a result of running the code.
Assertions: Assertions are statements within your code that check if certain conditions are true at specific points during program execution. They help with debugging and ensuring correctness.
Error handling: Error handling refers to techniques used in programming to handle unexpected errors or exceptions that may occur during runtime. It allows programs to gracefully recover from errors and continue execution.