Contiguous memory allocation: Contiguous memory allocation means that blocks of memory are allocated together without any gaps between them. In the case of a 2D array, this ensures that all elements within each row are stored next to each other.
Indexing: Indexing refers to accessing specific locations or positions within data structures like arrays using numerical indices. In a 2D array, indexing is used to retrieve elements by specifying their row and column indices.
Pointer: A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable. Pointers are often used in memory representation to keep track of the starting points of rows or columns within a 2D array.