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Unit 3 - Intermolecular Forces and Properties

AP Chemistry

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The 4 Major Types of Solid Matter

In AP Chemistry, you learn about 3 main states of matter: solids, liquids, and gasses. While liquids and gasses are certainly important, in this article we're going to be discussing solids and the 4 types of solids that you will have to be able to identify on the AP Chem exam. There are 4 major types of solid: molecular, covalent network, ionic, and metallic. Let's dive in!

📝study guide

3.0 Unit 3 Overview: Intermolecular Forces and Properties

According to the College Board, "Transformations of matter can be observed in ways that are generally categorized as either a chemical or physical change. The shapes of the particles involved and the space between them are key factors in determining the nature of physical changes.

Beer-Lambert Law

A rigorous description of color, a qualitative review of electromagnetic waves, an application to the concentration of solutions, graphical representation, and an application to reaction rates.

Unit 3 Review - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Unit 3 Review.'

Unit 3 Review

In this stream, we cover all of the content from Unit 3, including intermolecular forces, states of matter, and solutions!

Photoelectric Effect - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Photoelectric Effect.'

Photoelectric Effect

In this stream, we are going to learn about the photoelectric effect. We will review the concepts of wavelength, frequency, and energy of a wave. We will solve problems of wavelength, frequency, and energy of a wave. We will also practice problems with energy conversions from J/photon to kJ/mol.

Spectroscopy and Electromagnetic Spectrum - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Spectroscopy and Electromagnetic Spectrum .'

Spectroscopy and Electromagnetic Spectrum

In this stream, we will review the Electromagnetic Spectrum, do a problem with wavelength and frequency, we will learn about photons and the way electrons can change energy levels. We will also learn about atomic spectra and about how can different types of electromagnetic radiation affect matter.

Separation of Solutions and Mixture Chromatography - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Separation of Solutions and Mixture Chromatography.'

Separation of Solutions and Mixture Chromatography - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Separation of Solutions and Mixture Chromatography.'

Separation of Solutions and Mixture Chromatography

We discuss Chromatography and Distillation, specifically the goals for each separation type. We also go over a Molarity practice problem. I also talk about intermolecular forces, focusing on London Dispersion Forces.

Solubility and Representations of Solutions

A discussion of polarity, dissolution, and the physical mechanism for solutes dissolving in solvent. The example of the oxidation of ethanol in the liver is included.

Solutions and Mixtures - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Solutions and Mixtures.'

Solutions and Mixtures

In this stream, we will review the classification of matter. We are going to define mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous) then we are focusing on homogeneous mixtures, also called solutions. Lastly, we are going to learn how to calculate Molarity and mole ratio.

Unit 3 (Half-Way) Review - Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Unit 3 (Half-Way) Review.'

Unit 3 (Half-Way) Review

This video discusses the importance of intermolecular forces and how the strength of these forces affect the bulk scale properties. This video reviews important vocabulary and concepts related to solids, liquids, and gases. Last but not least, this video shows an example of an ideal gas law problem.

Ideal Gas Law and the Kinetic Molecular Theory

I discuss gas behavior under different pressure, temperatures, and volumes. I go over the Ideal Gas Law (PV=nRT) and its applications. I also discuss the four assumptions of the KMT. Molecular Speed and the factors that contribute to it are also evaluated. I also identified two of the most common deviations from the Ideal Gas Law. Diffusion and Effusion and their variations are also explained.

Ideal Gas Law and the Kinetic Molecular Theory - Stream Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Ideal Gas Law and the Kinetic Molecular Theory.'

Properties of Solids - Stream Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Properties of Solids.'

Properties of Solids

The content of this video is to understand the difference between crystalline and amorphous solids. Then we are going to focus on crystalline solids and we are going to analyze the difference of the kinds of crystalline solids, which are: ionic soilds, molecular solids and atomic solids.

Intermolecular Forces - Stream Slides

Browse slides from the stream 'Intermolecular Forces.'

Intermolecular Forces

A review of polarity, and an introduction to the various types of intermolecular forces, namely dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding, and london dispersion forces, and their significance to physical properties, along with applications in biomolecules

Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Here, we'll learn about the differences and phase changes between solids, liquids, and gases, including properties like fluidity, density, and compressibility. Then, we'll practice an experimental analysis free response question. Finally, we'll cover vapor pressure, surface tension, and viscosity, and understand how these properties relate to changes in temperature.

📝study guide

3.1 Intermolecular Forces

Intermolecular Forces, IMFs, are attractions between entire molecules due to charge differences➕➖. (They typically tend to only affect the solid and liquid phases). Not only are IMFs weaker than bonds-attractive forces due to simultaneous attraction for electrons that exist between 2 nuclei- but they also depend on the type of particle in a sample of matter⚛️.

📝study guide

3.2 Properties of Solids

So far, we learned about ionic solids, metallic solids, and alloys. Here's some more you should know!

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3.3 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Let’s look over some of the characteristic properties of the states of matter:

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3.4 The Ideal Gas Law

Gases exert pressure on its surroundings. The key phrase you want to associate with pressure is "the number of times particles hit the walls of the container." If you are ever asked to explain any of the relationships in this key topic, always mention that phrase if pressure is involved!

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3.5 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

The Kinetic Molecular Theory describes the behavior of ideal gases♨️.

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3.6 Deviations from the Ideal Gas Law

In the real world, gases don’t always behave as defined by the Kinetic Molecular Theory. Conditions of high pressure and low temperature will cause gases to deviate from ideal gas behavior for the following reasons:

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3.7 Mixtures and Solutions

Solids and liquids are frequently combined to make solutions.

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3.8 Representations of Solutions

Interactions between solvents and solutes can be represented with particle/molecule diagrams.

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3.9 Separation of Solids/Mixtures

When dealing with solutions, you will have a solute (or multiple solutes) dissolved in a solvent. Many times, a chemist will need to separate these solutions, especially after a chemical reaction has taken place.

📝study guide

3.10 Solubility and Solubility Rules

The amount of solute needed to form a saturated solution at any particular temperature is the solubility of that solute at that temperature🌡️.

📝study guide

3.11 Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Scientists began to understand light and the way light works by analyzing light that was emitted or absorbed by substances.

📝study guide

3.12 Quantum Mechanics and the Photoelectric Effect

In the early days of chemistry, there were models of the atom all over the place. ⚛️

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3.13 The Beer-Lambert Law & Absorption

In chemistry, many times we want to calculate how light reacts to a certain colored solution with solute in it. Well, spectrophotometry can do just that!

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Free Reviews 2020

13 resources

Free Response Questions

2 resources

Unit 1 - Atomic Structure and Properties

26 resources

Unit 2 - Molecular and Ionic Compound Structures and Properties

20 resources

Unit 3 - Intermolecular Forces and Properties

37 resources

Unit 4 - Chemical Reactions

21 resources

Unit 5 - Kinetics

16 resources

Unit 6 - Thermodynamics

10 resources

Unit 7 - Equilibrium

3 resources

Unit 8 - Acids and Bases

3 resources

Unit 9 - Applications of Thermodynamics

0 resources

Introduction

2 resources

AP Chemistry Essentials

4 resources

Multiple Choice Questions

1 resource

Blogs

15 resources

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