Down syndrome: Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder where individuals have an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to physical and intellectual disabilities.
Turner syndrome: Turner syndrome is a genetic condition affecting females, caused by missing or incomplete X chromosomes. It results in short stature, infertility, and certain physical characteristics.
Klinefelter syndrome: Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects males who possess an extra X chromosome (XXY). It often leads to reduced fertility, delayed puberty, and sometimes learning difficulties.