Tuberculin

Definition

Tuberculin is a protein derivative used in skin testing to detect latent tuberculosis infections. It elicits an immune response when injected intradermally, indicating prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tuberculin is utilized in the Mantoux test, a common method for diagnosing latent TB infections.
2. A positive tuberculin skin test indicates past or present infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
3. The reaction to tuberculin is a Type IV hypersensitivity response, also known as delayed-type hypersensitivity.
4. Tuberculin was first discovered by Robert Koch in the late 19th century as part of his research on tuberculosis.
5. Factors such as BCG vaccination and non-tuberculosis mycobacterial infections can cause false-positive results in tuberculin skin tests.

Related terms

Mantoux Test: A diagnostic tool for tuberculosis where tuberculin is injected into the skin.

Type IV Hypersensitivity: An immune response that occurs hours to days after antigen exposure and involves T cells rather than antibodies.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

The bacterial species that causes tuberculosis, often detected using the tuberculin skin test.