Schistosomiasis

Definition

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematodes) of the genus Schistosoma. It primarily affects the urinary and intestinal tracts and is transmitted through contact with contaminated freshwater.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Schistosomiasis is transmitted via skin contact with freshwater containing infected snails that release larval forms called cercariae.
2. The main species causing schistosomiasis in humans are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma japonicum.
3. Symptoms include fever, chills, cough, muscle aches, and in chronic cases can lead to liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer.
4. Diagnosis typically involves microscopic examination of stool or urine samples to detect parasite eggs.
5. Praziquantel is the most commonly used drug for treating schistosomiasis.

Review Questions

Related terms

Trematode: A class of parasitic flatworms commonly known as flukes.

Praziquantel:

An antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of parasitic worm infections including schistosomiasis.

Cercariae: Larval form of trematodes that emerge from snails and can infect humans.