Gums

Definition

Gums, or gingivae, are the soft tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth and underlying bone. They play a crucial role in oral health and act as a barrier against microbial infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gums are populated by normal microbiota, which helps to prevent colonization by pathogenic microbes.
2. Inflammation of the gums is called gingivitis, often caused by bacterial plaque accumulation.
3. Healthy gums are typically pink and firm, while diseased gums may appear red, swollen, or bleed easily.
4. Poor oral hygiene can lead to periodontitis, a severe gum infection that damages soft tissue and bone supporting teeth.
5. Certain systemic diseases like diabetes can increase the risk of gum infections.

Review Questions

Related terms

Plaque: A sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can lead to gum disease if not removed.

Periodontitis:

A serious gum infection that damages soft tissue and destroys bone supporting your teeth.

Oral Microbiome:

The community of microorganisms residing in the oral cavity including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.