Golgi

Definition

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell. It consists of stacked, membrane-bound sacs known as cisternae.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Golgi apparatus is often located near the cell's nucleus and works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum.
2. It plays a crucial role in post-translational modification of proteins, including glycosylation and phosphorylation.
3. The Golgi apparatus has distinct cis (receiving) and trans (shipping) faces to manage the flow of materials.
4. Transport vesicles carry newly synthesized proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
5. Defects in Golgi function can lead to various diseases, including congenital disorders of glycosylation.

Related terms

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

A network of membranous tubules involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Lysosome: A membrane-bound organelle containing enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Vesicle: A small membrane-bound sac that transports substances within or between cells.