Escherichia

Definition

Escherichia is a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded organisms. The most well-known species is Escherichia coli (E. coli), which can be both a harmless gut bacterium and a pathogen.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Escherichia bacteria are part of the Proteobacteria phylum.
2. E. coli is widely used in biotechnology and microbiology research.
3. Some strains of E. coli produce toxins that cause foodborne illnesses.
4. Escherichia species are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can live with or without oxygen.
5. They play a crucial role in the intestinal microflora by aiding digestion and vitamin K production.

Related terms

Proteobacteria:

A major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that includes a wide variety of pathogens.

Gram-negative bacteria: Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method.

Facultative anaerobe: An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but can switch to fermentation or anaerobic respiration if oxygen is absent.