Cytotoxic hypersensitivities

Definition

Cytotoxic hypersensitivities involve the immune system mistakenly targeting and destroying the body's own cells, typically mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies. This type of hypersensitivity is known as Type II and can lead to various autoimmune diseases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cytotoxic hypersensitivities are classified as Type II hypersensitivity reactions.
2. They are primarily mediated by IgG or IgM antibodies that bind to antigens on the surface of host cells.
3. Common examples include hemolytic anemia and Goodpasture's syndrome.
4. The complement system often plays a significant role in the destruction of target cells in these reactions.
5. These hypersensitivities can also be triggered by certain drugs that act as haptens, binding to cell surfaces and making them targets for immune attack.

Related terms

Autoimmune Disease: A condition where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

Complement System:

A group of proteins that enhance immune responses and help clear pathogens.

Hapten: A small molecule that, when combined with a larger protein, can elicit an immune response.