Cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules

Definition

Cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules are cell surface markers used to differentiate and classify leukocytes. These molecules play a crucial role in cellular communication and immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CD molecules are essential for the identification and characterization of T lymphocytes.
2. CD4 and CD8 are the most well-known CD molecules, marking helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells respectively.
3. The interaction between CD molecules and their ligands is critical for T cell activation and function.
4. Different CD molecules can indicate different states or types of immune cells, such as naïve, memory, or regulatory T cells.
5. Flow cytometry is commonly used to detect and analyze CD molecules on the surface of immune cells.

Review Questions

Related terms

T Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell that plays a central role in adaptive immunity.

Cytotoxic T Cell: A subtype of T lymphocyte that kills cancer cells, virus-infected cells, and damaged cells.

Flow Cytometry:

A technology used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of particles or cells in a fluid as it passes through at least one laser.