Cell-mediated immune response

Definition

Cell-mediated immune response is a type of immune response that does not involve antibodies but rather the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. It is crucial for defense against intracellular pathogens such as viruses and some bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cell-mediated immunity primarily involves T cells, including helper T cells (Th) and cytotoxic T cells (Tc).
2. Helper T cells recognize antigens presented by MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells.
3. Cytotoxic T cells target and destroy infected or cancerous cells by recognizing antigens presented by MHC class I molecules.
4. Interleukins and other cytokines play a vital role in the coordination and amplification of the cell-mediated immune response.
5. Immunodeficiency diseases can impair cell-mediated immunity, making individuals more susceptible to infections from intracellular pathogens.

Related terms

Humoral Immunity:

A type of immune response that involves B cells and the production of antibodies.

Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs):

Cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-cells that present antigens on MHC molecules to T-cells.

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC):

A set of cell surface proteins essential for acquired immune system recognition of foreign molecules.