BoNT

Definition

BoNT, or Botulinum Neurotoxin, is a potent neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It disrupts nerve function by inhibiting neurotransmitter release, leading to muscle paralysis.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. BoNT is the most poisonous substance known and can cause botulism, a life-threatening condition.
2. There are seven types of BoNT, labeled A through G, with type A being the most common in medical and cosmetic applications.
3. BoNT works by cleaving SNARE proteins involved in the release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions.
4. Symptoms of botulism include blurred vision, difficulty swallowing, and muscle weakness which can progress to respiratory failure.
5. Treatment for botulism often involves antitoxins and supportive care such as mechanical ventilation.

Related terms

Clostridium botulinum:

A Gram-positive bacterium that produces botulinum neurotoxin.

Acetylcholine:

A neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction that is inhibited by BoNT.

SNARE proteins: Proteins involved in the release of neurotransmitters at synapses that are targeted by BoNT.