Blood types

Definition

Blood types are classifications of blood based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The main blood group systems are ABO and Rh.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ABO system includes four main blood types: A, B, AB, and O.
2. Type O negative is considered the universal donor, while type AB positive is considered the universal recipient.
3. The Rh factor determines whether a blood type is positive or negative, based on the presence of the D antigen.
4. Blood type compatibility is crucial for safe blood transfusions to avoid immune reactions like agglutination.
5. Agglutination assays are used in laboratory settings to determine blood type by mixing blood with antibodies against A, B, and Rh antigens.

Related terms

Agglutination:

A process where particles clump together due to an antigen-antibody reaction.

Antigen:

A molecule capable of inducing an immune response.

Rh Factor:

An antigen present on red blood cells that determines if a person's blood type is positive or negative.