Antigen-binding cleft

Definition

The antigen-binding cleft is a groove on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule where processed antigens are presented to T lymphocytes. It plays a critical role in the immune response by allowing T cells to recognize and respond to pathogens.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The antigen-binding cleft is found on both MHC class I and class II molecules.
2. MHC class I molecules present endogenous antigens, while MHC class II molecules present exogenous antigens.
3. The binding cleft's structure determines which peptides can be presented to T cells.
4. T cell receptors (TCRs) specifically interact with the peptide-MHC complex via the antigen-binding cleft.
5. Mutations or polymorphisms in the MHC genes can affect the binding efficiency and immune recognition.

Related terms

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC):

A set of cell surface proteins essential for acquired immune system recognition of foreign molecules.

T Cell Receptor (TCR): A molecule on T lymphocytes that recognizes and binds to an antigen-MHC complex.

Endogenous Antigen: An intracellular pathogen-derived peptide presented by MHC class I molecules.