Greek Vase Shapes to Know for Ancient Mediterranean Classics

Greek vase shapes reveal much about ancient Mediterranean life. Each vessel, from the amphora to the kylix, served specific purposes, reflecting social customs, daily activities, and artistic expression. These artifacts offer a glimpse into the rich culture of ancient Greece.

1. Amphora

   • Tall, two-handled vessel primarily used for storing and transporting liquids, especially wine and oil.
   • Characterized by a narrow neck and a wide body, allowing for easy pouring and sealing.
   • Often decorated with scenes from mythology or daily life, providing insight into ancient Greek culture.

2. Krater

   • A large vase used for mixing wine with water, essential for Greek symposiums (drinking parties).
   • Typically features a wide mouth and handles for easy handling, often adorned with intricate designs.
   • Reflects social customs and the importance of wine in Greek society.

3. Hydria

   • A water-carrying vessel with three handles: two horizontal for lifting and one vertical for pouring.
   • Commonly used by women for fetching water from wells, symbolizing domestic life in ancient Greece.
   • Often decorated with scenes depicting water-related activities or mythological themes.

4. Oinochoe

   • A wine jug with a single handle and a spout, designed for pouring wine at banquets.
   • Its shape varies, but it typically has a rounded body and a narrow neck.
   • Reflects the significance of wine in Greek culture and the rituals surrounding its consumption.

5. Kylix

   • A shallow drinking cup with a wide bowl and two horizontal handles, used during symposia.
   • Often features painted scenes on the interior, encouraging interaction among drinkers.
   • Represents the social aspect of drinking and the artistic expression of the period.

6. Lekythos

   • A narrow, tall vessel used for storing oil, particularly olive oil, often used in funerary practices.
   • Characterized by a single handle and a narrow neck, making it easy to pour.
   • Frequently decorated with scenes related to funerary rituals or daily life, providing cultural context.

7. Pyxis

   • A small, cylindrical container with a lid, used for storing cosmetics or jewelry.
   • Often made with intricate designs, reflecting personal adornment and beauty practices in ancient Greece.
   • Serves as a testament to the daily lives and values of women in Greek society.

8. Alabastron

   • A small, elongated vessel used for holding perfumes or oils, typically with a narrow neck and no handles.
   • Its design allows for easy pouring and application of contents, often used in personal grooming.
   • Frequently decorated with delicate motifs, showcasing the artistry of Greek vase painting.

9. Kantharos

   • A deep, two-handled cup used for drinking, often associated with Dionysian rituals.
   • Characterized by its high, flared rim and large size, suitable for communal drinking.
   • Reflects the cultural importance of wine and the celebration of life in ancient Greek society.

10. Skyphos

    • A deep, two-handled drinking cup with a rounded body, used for casual drinking.
    • Its design allows for easy handling and sipping, making it popular in everyday use.
    • Often features decorative motifs that provide insight into the social and cultural practices of the time.