Essential Journalism Interview Techniques

Mastering interview techniques is essential for success in Honors Journalism. These skills help you connect with interviewees, gather valuable insights, and present accurate stories. From preparation to follow-up, each step enhances your ability to conduct effective and engaging interviews.

1. Prepare thoroughly before the interview

   • Review background information on the topic and interviewee.
   • Create a list of key points and questions to cover.
   • Familiarize yourself with the interviewee's previous work or statements.

2. Develop open-ended questions

   • Frame questions that encourage detailed responses rather than simple yes/no answers.
   • Use prompts like "Can you explain..." or "What are your thoughts on..." to elicit more information.
   • Avoid leading questions that may bias the interviewee's response.

3. Active listening

   • Focus fully on the interviewee's words without planning your next question while they speak.
   • Show engagement through nodding and verbal affirmations.
   • Reflect back what you hear to confirm understanding.

4. Follow-up questions

   • Ask additional questions based on the interviewee's responses to dig deeper.
   • Use phrases like "Can you tell me more about that?" to encourage elaboration.
   • Be flexible and willing to explore unexpected topics that arise.

5. Maintain objectivity

   • Keep personal opinions and biases out of the interview process.
   • Present questions neutrally to avoid influencing the interviewee's answers.
   • Report findings accurately without altering the interviewee's intent.

6. Establish rapport with the interviewee

   • Start with small talk to create a comfortable atmosphere.
   • Show genuine interest in the interviewee's experiences and opinions.
   • Use their name and maintain a friendly demeanor throughout the interview.

7. Use silence effectively

   • Allow pauses after questions to give the interviewee time to think.
   • Resist the urge to fill silence; it can prompt the interviewee to share more.
   • Use silence as a tool to encourage deeper reflection and responses.

8. Take accurate notes or record with permission

   • Decide whether to take notes or record the interview based on the context.
   • Ensure you have the interviewee's consent if recording.
   • Focus on capturing key points and quotes accurately for later reference.

9. Verify facts and quotes

   • Double-check any information or quotes before including them in your work.
   • Reach out to the interviewee for clarification if needed.
   • Ensure that all statements are attributed correctly to maintain credibility.

10. Conduct research on the interviewee and topic

    • Gather relevant information to inform your questions and context.
    • Understand the interviewee's background, expertise, and perspective.
    • Stay updated on current events related to the topic for informed discussions.

11. Choose an appropriate interview setting

    • Select a quiet, comfortable location that minimizes distractions.
    • Ensure the setting is conducive to open and honest communication.
    • Consider the interviewee's preferences for location and environment.

12. Be aware of body language and nonverbal cues

    • Observe the interviewee's facial expressions and gestures for additional context.
    • Be mindful of your own body language to convey openness and attentiveness.
    • Adjust your approach based on the interviewee's nonverbal signals.

13. Respect interviewee's boundaries and privacy

    • Be sensitive to personal topics and avoid pushing for uncomfortable details.
    • Clarify what information can be shared publicly and what should remain private.
    • Always prioritize the interviewee's comfort and consent during the interview.

14. Manage time effectively

    • Set a clear timeframe for the interview and communicate it to the interviewee.
    • Keep track of time to ensure all key topics are covered.
    • Be respectful of the interviewee's schedule and avoid overrunning.

15. End the interview professionally

    • Thank the interviewee for their time and insights.
    • Summarize key points discussed to confirm understanding.
    • Discuss any next steps, such as follow-up questions or publication timelines.