Corinthian

Definition

Corinthian refers to a distinct style of architecture and decorative art that originated in ancient Corinth, characterized by its ornate and elaborate designs. This style is most notable for its tall columns featuring intricate acanthus leaf carvings and a slender, elegant appearance, which became widely adopted in classical Greek architecture and later influenced Roman styles.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Corinthian order emerged during the 5th century BCE and became the last of the three principal classical orders of ancient Greek architecture.
2. Corinthian columns are typically taller and more slender than their Doric and Ionic counterparts, making them appear more elegant and ornate.
3. The most famous example of Corinthian architecture is the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae, designed by the architect Ictinus.
4. Corinthian elements were widely adopted by Roman architects, leading to their prominence in Roman public buildings and monuments.
5. The design of Corinthian columns often included elaborate floral motifs, especially acanthus leaves, symbolizing beauty and wealth.

Review Questions

• Compare and contrast the Corinthian architectural style with the Doric and Ionic styles.
  • The Corinthian architectural style is known for its ornate design and tall, slender columns adorned with elaborate acanthus leaf carvings. In contrast, Doric columns are simpler and sturdier, lacking a base and featuring a plain capital. Ionic columns are more slender than Doric but less elaborate than Corinthian, with scroll-like volutes on their capitals. Each style reflects different aesthetic values of ancient Greece, with Corinthian embodying a preference for elegance and decoration.
• Discuss the significance of the Corinthian order in the context of ancient Greek architecture and its influence on Roman architecture.
  • The Corinthian order played a crucial role in ancient Greek architecture as it represented a shift towards more decorative and ornate design elements. Its intricate carvings and elegant proportions became highly influential during the Hellenistic period and were adopted extensively by Roman architects. This transition highlights how architectural styles evolved over time and how the Romans embraced and adapted Greek designs to create monumental structures that showcased their power and cultural sophistication.
• Evaluate how the aesthetics of the Corinthian style reflect broader cultural values of ancient Greek society.
  • The aesthetics of the Corinthian style reflect ancient Greek society's appreciation for beauty, art, and elegance. The elaborate design of Corinthian columns signifies not only architectural innovation but also the cultural emphasis on visual harmony and decoration in public spaces. As cities like Corinth thrived as trade hubs, showcasing grandeur through architectural achievements became essential for demonstrating wealth and status. This emphasis on beauty in architecture indicates a broader societal value placed on artistry, refinement, and civic pride during this period.

Related terms

Doric: The Doric order is one of the oldest styles of classical architecture, known for its simple and sturdy columns with no base and a plain capital.

Ionic: The Ionic order is recognized for its more slender and graceful columns, which feature volutes or scroll-like ornaments on the capital.

Acropolis: An ancient citadel located on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens, containing several significant buildings in the classical style, including the Parthenon.