Evian Conference

Definition

The Evian Conference was a meeting held in July 1938 in France to address the growing Jewish refugee crisis resulting from the rise of Nazi Germany. It brought together representatives from 32 countries to discuss the possibility of resettling Jewish refugees fleeing persecution, but ultimately resulted in little action or concrete solutions. This conference reflects the challenges faced by communities in diaspora, particularly how they navigate displacement and seek refuge.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Evian Conference was convened by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to growing concerns about Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany.
2. Despite attendance from numerous countries, including the United States, most delegates were unwilling to accept significant numbers of refugees, reflecting widespread anti-Semitic sentiments.
3. Only the Dominican Republic offered to take in a substantial number of refugees during the conference, but this was not enough to alleviate the crisis.
4. The failure of the Evian Conference highlighted international indifference to the plight of Jews at a time when Nazi policies were becoming increasingly brutal.
5. The conference is often seen as a missed opportunity to address the impending Holocaust and the refugee needs that arose from it.

Review Questions

• How did the outcomes of the Evian Conference reflect the attitudes of various countries toward Jewish refugees during the late 1930s?
  • The outcomes of the Evian Conference revealed a stark reluctance among many countries to accept Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi persecution. While numerous nations participated in discussions, most were unwilling to make significant commitments to resettlement due to prevailing anti-Semitic attitudes and concerns about social and economic impacts. This lack of action underscored the broader societal prejudices that hindered effective responses to the refugee crisis at that time.
• In what ways did the Evian Conference illustrate the limitations of international cooperation in addressing humanitarian crises?
  • The Evian Conference illustrated significant limitations in international cooperation when it came to humanitarian crises, especially regarding refugee issues. Although representatives from various countries gathered with the intention of finding solutions for Jewish refugees, very few practical measures were agreed upon or implemented. This lack of commitment exposed deep-seated biases and political considerations that often overshadowed humanitarian concerns during this critical period.
• Evaluate the long-term consequences of the Evian Conference on Jewish diaspora communities and international refugee policy.
  • The long-term consequences of the Evian Conference were profound, as it set a precedent for international inaction regarding refugee crises. The failure to provide meaningful support for Jewish refugees contributed directly to their vulnerability during the Holocaust, resulting in tragic losses and displacement. Additionally, this event shaped future discussions around refugee policy, highlighting critical gaps in international responsibility and prompting subsequent movements advocating for better protection and rights for displaced individuals worldwide.

Related terms

Nazi Persecution: The systematic oppression and violence against Jews and other minorities in Germany and occupied territories under the Nazi regime, leading to widespread displacement.

Refugee Crisis: A situation where large numbers of people are forced to flee their home country due to conflict, persecution, or disaster, often leading to humanitarian challenges.

Zionism: A nationalist movement that emerged in the late 19th century, advocating for the return of Jews to their historical homeland and the establishment of a Jewish state.