Viking Age

Definition

The Viking Age refers to the period from approximately 793 to 1066 AD, characterized by the seafaring Norse explorers, traders, and warriors known as Vikings. This era is marked by significant cultural exchange, exploration, and settlement across Europe, impacting various societies through trade, raids, and colonization.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Viking Age began with the raid on Lindisfarne in 793 AD, marking a shift in European history due to increased Viking activity.
2. Vikings are often depicted as fierce raiders; however, they were also skilled traders and explorers, reaching as far as North America, the Middle East, and North Africa.
3. The Vikings established settlements in various regions, including parts of modern-day England, Ireland, Scotland, and France, significantly influencing local cultures.
4. Their impact on cultural geography includes the introduction of new trade routes and exchanges that facilitated cross-cultural interactions across Europe.
5. The end of the Viking Age is often marked by the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066 AD, which showcased the decline of Viking power in England.

Review Questions

• How did the Viking Age influence cultural geography in Europe during its time?
  • The Viking Age significantly influenced cultural geography in Europe through extensive trade networks and cultural exchanges. The Vikings connected different regions by establishing trade routes that facilitated commerce between Scandinavia and parts of Europe such as England, France, and beyond. Their exploration led to interactions with various cultures, resulting in the sharing of ideas, technologies, and customs that shaped local societies.
• Discuss the dual nature of Viking activities as both raiders and settlers and how this impacted the regions they encountered.
  • Vikings were known for their dual role as both raiders and settlers. Their raids brought fear and disruption to many European coastal communities; however, as they settled in these areas, they contributed to cultural blending. For instance, in places like Danelaw in England, Viking settlers influenced local governance, language, and agricultural practices. This duality allowed them to leave a lasting legacy on the regions they touched.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of Viking exploration and settlement on modern European identities.
  • Viking exploration and settlement have had profound long-term effects on modern European identities. The legacy of Viking culture can be seen in place names, language influences, and even aspects of governance in various European nations. For example, many towns in England have Old Norse names reflecting their history. Furthermore, as Vikings blended with local populations, they contributed to the ethnic and cultural diversity that characterizes Europe today. Understanding this complex heritage helps frame contemporary discussions about identity in a multicultural Europe.

Related terms

Norse Mythology: The body of myths of the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Norse paganism and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia.

Longship: A type of ship developed by the Vikings, known for its speed and ability to navigate both open seas and shallow rivers.

Danelaw: The historical name given to the parts of England under the control of the Vikings, where their laws were followed during the late 9th and early 10th centuries.