Customs and Border Protection

Definition

Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is a federal agency under the Department of Homeland Security responsible for regulating and facilitating international trade, collecting import duties, and enforcing U.S. immigration laws. CBP plays a crucial role in securing the nation’s borders while also ensuring that legitimate trade and travel can proceed efficiently.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CBP was formed in 2003 when the Department of Homeland Security was created, merging several agencies, including the former Customs Service and the Immigration and Naturalization Service.
2. One of CBP's key responsibilities is to inspect cargo entering the U.S. to prevent contraband, such as drugs and weapons, from crossing the border.
3. CBP employs a range of technology, including surveillance systems and automated systems, to enhance border security and streamline customs processing.
4. The agency also manages programs like Trusted Traveler Programs, which expedite the travel process for pre-approved low-risk travelers.
5. In recent years, CBP has faced criticism regarding its immigration enforcement practices and treatment of migrants at the border.

Review Questions

• How does Customs and Border Protection balance its role in securing U.S. borders while facilitating legitimate trade and travel?
  • Customs and Border Protection balances security and facilitation by implementing various measures that ensure safety without disrupting trade. This includes thorough inspections of cargo and travelers while utilizing technology to streamline processes. Programs like Trusted Traveler Programs allow for faster processing of pre-approved individuals, which demonstrates CBP's commitment to efficiency in addition to its enforcement duties.
• Discuss the implications of Customs and Border Protection’s policies on immigration enforcement for communities along the U.S.-Mexico border.
  • Customs and Border Protection’s immigration enforcement policies significantly impact communities along the U.S.-Mexico border, creating tension between security measures and humanitarian concerns. Families may be divided due to deportations or increased surveillance, leading to fear among residents. Furthermore, local economies can be affected as stricter enforcement may deter cross-border trade and affect daily commuting for workers.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of Customs and Border Protection in achieving its dual mandate of security and facilitation in light of recent challenges.
  • Evaluating the effectiveness of Customs and Border Protection reveals both successes and ongoing challenges. On one hand, advancements in technology have improved border security measures, allowing for more effective monitoring of illicit activities. On the other hand, criticisms regarding treatment of migrants and potential civil rights violations suggest that the agency struggles with its humanitarian obligations. Addressing these dual mandates requires a nuanced approach that considers both national security needs and the rights of individuals seeking entry into the country.

Related terms

Immigration Enforcement: The actions taken by federal agencies to uphold immigration laws, which can include apprehending individuals who are in the U.S. without legal permission.

Trade Compliance: The adherence to regulations governing international trade, including tariffs and trade agreements, overseen by customs authorities.

Border Security: Measures taken to protect a country's borders from illegal immigration, smuggling, and other security threats.