George Dewey

Definition

George Dewey was a United States naval officer best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War in 1898. His decisive command marked a pivotal moment in American expansionism, showcasing the U.S. Navy's modern capabilities and leading to the defeat of Spanish forces in the Philippines.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dewey was appointed Commodore of the Asiatic Squadron and played a crucial role in demonstrating American naval power in Asia.
2. The Battle of Manila Bay occurred on May 1, 1898, where Dewey famously ordered his fleet to 'fire when ready' against the Spanish forces.
3. Dewey's victory at Manila Bay effectively eliminated Spain's naval presence in the Pacific and allowed for U.S. control over the Philippines.
4. Following his success, Dewey became a national hero and was celebrated for his leadership and strategic thinking during a critical moment in American history.
5. Dewey later played a key role in the Philippine-American War, which followed the Spanish-American War as tensions arose over American colonial intentions.

Review Questions

• How did George Dewey's actions at the Battle of Manila Bay impact the outcome of the Spanish-American War?
  • George Dewey's leadership at the Battle of Manila Bay had a decisive impact on the outcome of the Spanish-American War by effectively destroying Spain's naval capabilities in the Pacific. His fleet's victory opened the way for U.S. forces to take control of Manila, leading to Spain's eventual surrender. This victory not only showcased American military power but also signaled a shift in U.S. foreign policy toward expansionism and imperialism.
• Evaluate how Dewey's triumph influenced perceptions of American naval power and expansionist ambitions during this era.
  • Dewey's triumph at Manila Bay significantly enhanced perceptions of American naval power as it demonstrated the effectiveness of modern naval technology and strategy. This victory contributed to a growing belief in American exceptionalism and justified further territorial expansion. It fueled public support for imperialist policies and led to increased investment in naval capabilities, ultimately positioning the U.S. as a formidable global power in the early 20th century.
• Analyze how George Dewey's career reflects broader trends in American military and foreign policy at the turn of the 20th century.
  • George Dewey's career exemplifies broader trends in American military and foreign policy as it shifted from isolationism to assertive interventionism at the turn of the 20th century. His success in the Spanish-American War marked a turning point where military engagements were viewed as means to expand U.S. influence overseas. The increasing focus on modernization within the Navy, along with Dewey’s exploits, symbolized America's emerging role on the world stage, setting a precedent for future military interventions and imperial pursuits.

Related terms

Spanish-American War: A conflict fought between the United States and Spain in 1898, primarily over the issue of Cuban independence, which resulted in the U.S. acquiring territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

Battle of Manila Bay: A significant naval engagement during the Spanish-American War where Dewey's fleet destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron, leading to the U.S. control of Manila.

Imperialism: The policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force, which characterized U.S. actions during and after the Spanish-American War.