Treaty of Velasco

Definition

The Treaty of Velasco refers to two treaties signed in May 1836 between the Republic of Texas and Mexico that ended the Texas Revolution. The treaties established the terms for peace and recognized Texas' independence from Mexico, marking a significant moment in the quest for Texas independence and its subsequent annexation into the United States.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Treaty of Velasco was signed on May 14, 1836, after the decisive Battle of San Jacinto, where Texian forces defeated Santa Anna's Mexican army.
2. There were two versions of the treaty: a public treaty that recognized Texas' independence and a secret treaty that mandated the withdrawal of Mexican troops and called for Santa Anna's return to Mexico.
3. The legitimacy of the treaties was disputed by the Mexican government, which claimed that Santa Anna was coerced into signing them while a prisoner.
4. The treaties set the stage for Texas' eventual annexation into the United States, as they established Texas as an independent republic, leading to increased American interest in Texas.
5. The signing of these treaties did not bring lasting peace, as tensions between Mexico and Texas continued, ultimately culminating in further conflict.

Review Questions

• What were the main terms agreed upon in the Treaty of Velasco and how did they reflect the goals of both Texian leaders and the Mexican government?
  • The Treaty of Velasco included terms such as recognition of Texas' independence by Mexico and a promise for Mexican troop withdrawal. For Texian leaders like Sam Houston, this represented a crucial victory and validation of their fight for independence. However, for Mexico, particularly after Santa Anna was captured, it was a reluctant agreement made under duress, reflecting deep divisions over sovereignty that would persist long after the treaty was signed.
• Discuss how the Treaty of Velasco influenced subsequent events regarding Texas’ status and its relationship with Mexico.
  • The Treaty of Velasco had significant implications for Texas' status as an independent republic. It prompted debates in both Texas and Mexico regarding legitimacy and sovereignty. While it initially solidified Texan independence and attracted American settlers, it also heightened tensions with Mexico. The ongoing disputes over the treaty's legitimacy contributed to further conflicts between the two nations and set the stage for eventual U.S. annexation.
• Evaluate the long-term consequences of the Treaty of Velasco on U.S.-Mexico relations and its role in shaping regional dynamics in North America.
  • The Treaty of Velasco played a pivotal role in shaping U.S.-Mexico relations by establishing a precedent for territorial disputes and igniting expansionist sentiments in America. The unresolved status of the treaty contributed to growing tensions that would culminate in the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). The conflict ultimately resulted in significant territorial gains for the United States, reshaping regional dynamics and influencing national identities on both sides of the border as issues of sovereignty, culture, and governance emerged prominently.

Related terms

Texas Revolution:

A rebellion that took place between 1835 and 1836 in which Texian settlers revolted against Mexican rule, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Texas.

Sam Houston:

The first president of the Republic of Texas and a key leader during the Texas Revolution, known for his victory at the Battle of San Jacinto.

Annexation: The formal incorporation of one territory into another, notably referring to the United States' incorporation of the Republic of Texas in 1845.