Harvard College

Definition

Harvard College is the undergraduate division of Harvard University, founded in 1636, making it the oldest institution of higher education in the United States. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, it was established by Puritan settlers to train clergy and promote a learned community, reflecting the educational aspirations of the New England colonies.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Harvard College was established initially to educate clergy, mirroring the strong religious focus of the New England colonies during the 17th century.
2. The college became a model for other institutions, influencing higher education across America as it expanded its curriculum beyond theology to include subjects like law, medicine, and the sciences.
3. In its early years, Harvard struggled with financial difficulties and fluctuating enrollment but eventually grew into a prestigious institution recognized for its academic rigor.
4. Harvard's founding was largely influenced by the Puritan belief in the importance of education for both religious and civic life, which shaped the cultural values of Massachusetts and beyond.
5. Today, Harvard College remains a symbol of educational excellence and is known for its selective admissions process, attracting students from diverse backgrounds around the globe.

Review Questions

• How did Harvard College reflect the values and aspirations of the Puritan settlers in New England?
  • Harvard College was founded by Puritan settlers who valued education as a means to cultivate moral leadership and promote religious devotion. Initially aimed at training clergy, it embodied the Puritan emphasis on literacy and learning to read scripture. As it evolved, Harvard's commitment to a broad education reflected the aspiration to create an informed society that could contribute to both church and state.
• Discuss the impact of Harvard College on the development of higher education in America during the colonial period.
  • Harvard College significantly shaped higher education in America by setting standards for academic curriculum and governance. Its model of combining liberal arts with professional training influenced the establishment of other colleges across New England and later throughout the country. The college's emphasis on both religious and secular studies helped to broaden the scope of American higher education, allowing for greater diversity in subjects taught.
• Evaluate the long-term significance of Harvard College in shaping American society and culture from its founding to modern times.
  • Harvard College has played a pivotal role in shaping American society through its influence on education, politics, and culture. From producing many leaders in government and industry to promoting progressive ideas throughout American history, its alumni have been instrumental in various societal advancements. The college's enduring commitment to research, innovation, and intellectual discourse continues to impact contemporary social issues, making it a central figure in both historical development and modern-day discussions surrounding education and public policy.

Related terms

Puritanism:

A religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England, emphasizing simplicity in worship and strict moral conduct, which heavily influenced the social and educational landscape of New England.

Ivy League: A group of eight private colleges and universities in the Northeastern United States known for their academic excellence and historical significance, including Harvard as one of its founding members.

Collegiate System: An educational framework that includes a college system where students live and study in smaller communities within a larger university structure, promoting social interaction and academic collaboration.