key term - Weighted Average

Definition

A weighted average is a calculation that takes into account the relative importance or significance of each component in a set of data. It is used to determine an average value when the individual components have varying degrees of influence or weight.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a weighted average, each component is multiplied by a weight factor before being summed and divided by the total of the weights.
2. Weighted averages are often used in economics and finance to calculate measures like GDP, stock prices, and interest rates.
3. Weights can be determined by factors such as market share, sales volume, or the relative importance of each component.
4. Weighted averages are more accurate than simple averages when the components have varying degrees of significance or impact.
5. Weighted averages can be used to combine data from different sources or time periods, taking into account the relative importance of each piece of information.

Review Questions

• How does a weighted average differ from a simple arithmetic mean?
  • The key difference between a weighted average and a simple arithmetic mean is that a weighted average assigns different levels of importance or weight to each component in the calculation. In a simple arithmetic mean, all values are given equal weight, whereas in a weighted average, the individual components are multiplied by a weight factor that reflects their relative significance before being averaged. This allows the weighted average to more accurately represent the overall value when the components have varying degrees of influence.
• Explain how weights are determined in a weighted average calculation.
  • The weights used in a weighted average calculation are typically determined by the specific context and the factors that influence the relative importance of each component. Common weight factors include market share, sales volume, population size, or the degree of impact each component has on the overall measure. For example, in calculating GDP, the weights might be based on the relative contribution of each industry sector to the total economic output. In stock price calculations, the weights could be based on the market capitalization of each company. The key is that the weights reflect the relative significance of each component in the overall measure being calculated.
• Analyze the advantages of using a weighted average over a simple average in the context of bilateral monopoly.
  • In the context of bilateral monopoly, where there is a single buyer and a single seller, a weighted average can be more appropriate than a simple average when determining the final price or quantity. This is because the relative bargaining power and market influence of the buyer and seller can vary significantly, and a weighted average can better capture these differences. For instance, if the buyer has significantly more market power than the seller, a weighted average that assigns a higher weight to the buyer's preferred price or quantity would more accurately reflect the final outcome of the bilateral monopoly negotiation. The weighted average, by accounting for the unequal influence of the two parties, provides a more realistic representation of the equilibrium in a bilateral monopoly scenario.

Related terms

Arithmetic Mean: The arithmetic mean, or simple average, is calculated by summing up all the values and dividing by the total number of values.

Median: The median is the middle value in a sorted list of numbers, where half the values are above the median and half are below.

Mode: The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a dataset.